« Back to Research Deepdives

Food Texture or “Ultra” Processing: Which is More Important?

This content is restricted to members.

To view our premium content, sign up for a membership:

Register New Account

Username

First Name

Last Name

Password

Password Again

Choose your membership level

Monthly Membership - €24.99 - 1 Month
Full Education Hub access: the weekly Study Deepdive, bi-monthly video Research Lectures, Exclusive Articles, and the full backcatalog of Deepdives in downloadable pdf format.
Annual Membership - €249.99 - 1 Year
Access to all the Education Hub content, at a reduced annual rate.

Discount Code - Valid - Invalid

Choose Your Payment Method

Credit / Debit Card PayPal

I agree to the privacy policy

‹ Back to Research Deepdives

References

Monteiro CA. Nutrition and health. The issue is not food, nor nutrients, so much as processing. Public Health Nutr. 2009 May 1;12(5):729–31.
Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Moubarac JC, Martins APB, Martins CA, Garzillo J, et al. Dietary guidelines to nourish humanity and the planet in the twenty-first century. A blueprint from Brazil. Public Health Nutr. 2015 Sep 24;18(13):2311–22.
Monteiro CA, Cannon G, Lawrence M, Costa Louzada ML, Pereira Machado P. . Ultra-processed foods, diet quality, and health using the NOVA classification system. Rome; 2019.
Gibney MJ. Ultra-processed foods in public health nutrition: the unanswered questions. British Journal of Nutrition. 2023 Jun 28;129(12):2191–4.
Gibney MJ, Forde G, Mullally D, Gibney ER. Ultra-processed foods in human health: a critical appraisal. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;(1):1–8.
Mertens E, Colizzi C, Peñalvo JL. Ultra-processed food consumption in adults across Europe. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Apr 3;61(3):1521–39.
Juul F, Parekh N, Martinez-Steele E, Monteiro CA, Chang VW. Ultra-processed food consumption among US adults from 2001 to 2018. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022 Jan;115(1):211–21.
Juul F, Vaidean G, Lin Y, Deierlein AL, Parekh N. Ultra-Processed Foods and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the Framingham Offspring Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Mar;77(12):1520–31.
Delpino FM, Figueiredo LM, Bielemann RM, da Silva BGC, dos Santos FS, Mintem GC, et al. Ultra-processed food and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2022 Aug 10;51(4):1120–41.
Crimarco A, Landry MJ, Gardner CD. Ultra-processed Foods, Weight Gain, and Co-morbidity Risk. Curr Obes Rep. 2021 Oct 22;11(3):80–92.
Fazzino TL, Courville AB, Guo J, Hall KD. Ad libitum meal energy intake is positively influenced by energy density, eating rate and hyper-palatable food across four dietary patterns. Nat Food. 2023 Jan 30;4(2):144–7.
Forde CG, Mars M, de Graaf K. Ultra-Processing or Oral Processing? A Role for Energy Density and Eating Rate in Moderating Energy Intake from Processed Foods. Curr Dev Nutr. 2020 Mar;4(3):nzaa019.
Bolhuis DP, Forde CG, Cheng Y, Xu H, Martin N, de Graaf C. Slow Food: Sustained Impact of Harder Foods on the Reduction in Energy Intake over the Course of the Day. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 2;9(4):e93370.
Pritchard SJ, Davidson I, Jones J, Bannerman E. A randomised trial of the impact of energy density and texture of a meal on food and energy intake, satiation, satiety, appetite and palatability responses in healthy adults. Clinical Nutrition. 2014 Oct;33(5):768–75.
Lasschuijt M, Camps G, Mars M, Siebelink E, de Graaf K, Bolhuis D. Speed limits: the effects of industrial food processing and food texture on daily energy intake and eating behaviour in healthy adults. Eur J Nutr. 2023 Jul 14;doi.org/10.1007/s00394-023-03202-z.
Gibney MJ. Ultra-Processed Foods: Definitions and Policy Issues. Curr Dev Nutr. 2019 Feb;3(2):nzy077.
Robinson E, Almiron-Roig E, Rutters F, de Graaf C, Forde CG, Tudur Smith C, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis examining the effect of eating rate on energy intake and hunger. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100(1):123–51.
Teo PS, van Dam RM, Whitton C, Tan LWL, Forde CG. Consumption of Foods With Higher Energy Intake Rates is Associated With Greater Energy Intake, Adiposity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults. J Nutr. 2021 Feb;151(2):370–8.
Duan MJ, Vinke PC, Navis G, Corpeleijn E, Dekker LH. Ultra-processed food and incident type 2 diabetes: studying the underlying consumption patterns to unravel the health effects of this heterogeneous food category in the prospective Lifelines cohort. BMC Med. 2022 Dec 13;20(1):7.